Capture of Pomone, Engageante and Babet |
|
| Career (France) | |
|---|---|
| Name: | Pomone |
| Namesake: | Pomona |
| Builder: | Rochefort |
| Laid down: | 20 February 1783 |
| Launched: | 16 November 1785 |
| In service: | May 1787 |
| Captured: | 23 April 1794 |
| Career (UK) | |
| Name: | HMS Pomone |
| Acquired: | 23 April 1794 |
| Fate: | Sold in 1802 |
| General characteristics | |
| Displacement: | 700 tonnes, 1076 T[1] |
| Length: | 48.7 metres |
| Beam: | 12.2 metres |
| Draught: | 5.1 metres |
| Propulsion: | Sail |
| Armament: | 40 guns |
| Armour: | Timber |
Pomone was a 40-gun frigate of the French Navy built in 1783. The British captured her, along with Babet and Engageante, off the Île de Batz during the Action of 23 April 1794.[2]
She was subsequently recommissioned in the Royal Navy as HMS Pomone mounting 48 guns. Her design inspired that of the Endymion-class frigates. Pomone had a relatively brief but active career off the Atlantic and Mediterranean coasts of France before suffering sufficient damage from hitting a rock to warrant being taken out of service and then broken up in 1803.
Contents |
On 6 and 17 January 1795, Pomone, under Captain Sir John Borlase Warren, with Arethusa, Concorde, Galatea and Diamond, captured the French vessels David and Ormontaise, and recaptured the Phoenix.[3]
On 12 February, Pomone put to sea with a squadron comprising The frigates Anson, Artois and Galatea, and the hired lugger Duke of York. Anson lost her topsail mast in bad weather on the 14th so Warren sent her back to Plymouth.[4]
On 18 February the British squadron spotted three French transports. Warren followed them and on the 21st caught up with a convoy of 20 vessels under the escort of a frigate that he believed to be the French frigate Néréide.[4] Warren's squadron chased the convoy from the lighthouse on Île d'Oléron half way up the Pertuis D'Andoche before he had to break off the chase after having captured or destroyed several of the vessels.[4]
Then on 26 February the squadron captured a schooner of eight brass guns off the Île de Groix, near Lorient.[4] She was the American-built Curieuse (later corrected to Coureuse) and she was escorting a convoy of three brigs and two luggers. They were sailing from Nantes to Brest with clothing for the Army.[4][Note 1]
Between 13 and 26 February, Warren's squadron captured and sent to England the following vessels: the sloop Petit Jean, the brig St. Pierre, the brig Deux Freres, the ship Petite Magdalene, the packet boat De Cayene, the schooner Curieuse (Coureuse}, the lugger Liberte, the lugger Gloire, and the brig transport Biche.[4] The squadron burned seven vessels: the schooner brig Desiree, the brig Three Friends, the brig Trois Freres, the brig Guerrier, the brig Liberte, the brig Esperance, and the lugger Patriote.[4] The British scuttled four brigs:Graley, Jean et Marie, Pierre, and Anne. In all, Warren's squadron had taken nine prizes and destroyed 11 vessels.[4]
On 15 April, Warren and his squadron chased the French privateer Jean Bart, of 26 guns and 187 men, off the Île de Ré. Artois made the actual capture.[3] The next day Pomone, Artois, Anson and Galatea captured two vessels. Galatea captured Expedition, a corvette of 16 guns and 120 men, which had at one time been a British packet.[3] The British also captured the Maria François Fidelle.[6]
Off Belle Île, the squadron then caught up with a French convoy. The squadron burned and sank a brig and a sloop that were sailing in ballast. Artois captured two sloops with cargoes of fish.[3] Later Artois reported that she had chased a ship and a brig from the convoy onto the rocks near the island of Hedic, where they were wrecked.[3]
In June, Pomone participated at the landing of the ill-conceived and ill-fated Royalist expedition to Quiberon Bay.[7] Pomone shared in the prize money for the capture, on 23 June, of the French men of war, Alexander, Formidable and Tigre.[8]
On 2 September, Pomone burnt the Rude, of 12 guns.
On 9 October 1795 Pomone shared with a number of British warships in the recapture of the ship Kent.[9]
On 15 October, HMS Melampus and HMS Latona, and later HMS Orion and HMS Thalia, and later still Pomone and Concorde, chased two French frigates, the Tortue and Veriade, 50-gun ship of the line Forte and the corvette Eveillé.[10] The British ships had to give up the ship of the line and frigates due to the closeness of the shore. However, Pomone and the 74-gun third rate HMS Thunderer, which had joined the chase, were able to take the Eveillé, of 18 guns, and 100 men.[10] The French force had been out for 60 days and had captured 12 West Indiamen, two of which, Kent and Albion had already been recaptured.[10] Pomone and her squadron had recaptured Kent on 9 October.[11] Orion recaptured Albion. Warren's squadron returned to England in December with the remnants of the expedition to Quiberon Bay.
On 6 and 7 March 1796, the squadron captured the Sultana and Nancy.[12] Then on 11 and 13 March the squadron captured the Harmony, Sans Peur and Agreeable, on the coast of France.[12] On the 15th, Pomone captured the 22-gun corvette Robuste, which had a crew of 145 men. She was sailing from Brest to L'Orient.[13] Robuste was taken into service as Scourge.
On 20 March after that, Warren's squadron, Pomone, Artois, Anson and Galatea engaged a French squadron escorting a convoy.[14] The British captured four brigs from the convoy and Warren instructed the lugger Valiant to take them to the nearest port.[14] The British squadron then engaged the French warships escorting the convoy but were not able to bring them to a full battle before having to give up the chase due to the onset of dark and the dangerous location. Galatea was the only vessel in the British squadron to suffer casualties; she lost two men killed and six wounded.[14] The store-ship Etoile, under the command of Captain Berthcliée, struck. She was armed with 30 guns and had a crew of 160 men.[14] Four French frigates, a corvette and a brig escaped.[14] The four brigs were the Illier, Don de Dieu, Paul Edward, and Felicite.[12]
Another small convoy fell to Warren's squadron on 7 April near the Bec du Raz. The squadron captured four brigs and a sloop, four of which they sent in to England. One brig they scuttled. All were flour and corn. One sloop escaped, as did the corvette Voltiguer, of 16 guns, which was escorting the convoy.[13] The four captured vessels were the Marie, Union, Bonne and an brig of unknown name.[12] On 18 April the squadron captured the Jean Marie.[15]
On 25 May 1796 Pomone captured the French privateer Fantaisie, of 14 guns and 75 men, near Morlaix. She was only one day out of port and had not captured anything.[16]
Commodore Warren's squadron, including Pomone, ran the 44-gun French frigate Andromache ashore on 23 August near the river Gironde. Boats from Galatea and the Artois then boarded her. Some of her crew had endeavored to get to shore, many drowning in the surf in the attempt. Warren's squadron took on board the captain, a number of the officers, many of her crew, and a number of Portuguese prisoners from two vessels that the French squadron to which Andromache had belonged had taken.[12] The 18-gun brig Sylph then destroyed the French vessel with gunfire.
Between 9 August and 10 September Warren's squadron captured or destroyed a number of small merchant vessels as well as the Andromache. These were:
All these were burnt at the mouth of the Garonne. The remaining three were captured.[12]
On 2 November Thalia and Artois were in a chase that Pomone joined. Artois finally caught their quarry about 11 leagues from Ushant. The quarry turned out to be the Franklin, armed with 12 6-pounder guns and with a crew of 100 men.[17]
Between 24 January 1797 and 7 March, Warren's squadron sank or burnt four French vessels and two Spanish vessels. The French vessels were the sloops Providence and Intrepid, the brig Jenée and another brig of unknown name. The Spanish vessels were the brigs Santa Theresa and the St Jago de Compostella.[18]
In July 1797, Pomone and Warren's squadron intercepted a convoy in Hodierne Bay consisting of 14 cargo vessels with a frigate, a ship, a corvette and a brig as escorts.[19] The British drove the French 36-gun frigate Calliope onshore and holed her hull with gunfire, Sylph being particularly aggressive.[19] The brig they sank with gunfire also. They burnt the Freedom, a large British-built ship armed en flute and laden with squared timber.[19] The French had run her onshore and the crew, with the wounded, had gotten away in their boats. The British also captured eight vessels:[19]
A few days later, boats from the squadron destroyed two French merchant ships, the brig Fidelle and the sloop Henri, also in Hodierne Bay. The next day the squadron captured the Boston. In August, the squadron destroyed one French vessel and captured another. On 28 August, the squadron chased and captured vessels from a French convoy.
On 5 January 1798, Pomone was 94 leagues off Ushant when she encountered a large ship which she pursued. In the haze, the quarry underestimated Pomone's size and armament and opened fire. The two vessels exchanged several broadsides before the quarry struck. She was the French privateer Cheri, from Nantes, and was armed with a mix of twenty-six 12, 18 and 24-pounder guns. She had a crew of 230 men under the command of Mons. Chaffin. The engagement cost Pomone one man killed and four wounded, plus damage to masts and rigging. Cheri had 12 men killed and 22 wounded, and had lost her mizzen mast and all sails, and had taken several holes to her hull as well. Reynolds took her in tow and sent over his carpenter to plug the holes when she started to sink. He sent over Pomone's boats and they were able to get everyone off Cheri, including the wounded, before she sank.[20] Six days later, Pomone captured the French privateer Emprunt Fossé, of two guns, in the Channel.
On 18 May Pomone recaptured the West Indiaman Minerva, of Liverpool. She had been a prize to the French privateer brig Argus, of Bordeaux.[21]
On 3 April 1799, Pomone had the good fortune to meet Argus after capture her after a pursuit of 108 miles that hit 12 knots an hour. Argus was only six months old and was pierced for 22 guns, though she carried 18 brass 9-pounders. In addition to the Minerva, Argus had captured to brigs from Teignmouth whose masters and crews were aboard her.[21] '"Argus had a crew of 90 men.[22]
Six days later Pomone recaptured an American schooner that had been sailing from Caracas to A Coruña with a cargo of cocoa and indigo. She had had the misfortune to meet the French privateer Gironde on 1 April.[21] Earlier, Pomone had captured two vessels of Cartagena, Spain, the French privateer Mutius Scaevola, of Genoa, and a Spanish coaster.[21]
In April Pomone returned to Plymouth after having convoyed three ordnance transports to Minorca.[23] She then went in for a refit.[24]
On 3 August 1801, while cruising off the west side of Elba during the Siege of Porto Ferrajo, Pomone, Captain Edward Leveson-Gower[25] commanding, took another prize, the Carrère, of 44 guns and 356 men.[26] Pomone lost two men dead and three wounded, one of whom died of wounds shortly thereafter.
Less than a month later, on 2 September, the frigates Phoenix, Minerve and Pomone recaptured Success and destroyed the 46-gun frigate Bravoure. (The French had captured Success, a 32-gun frigate, in February, off Toulon.) In the middle of the month, men from Pomone were involved in operations ashore at Portoferraio, Elba.
In April 1802 Pomone and Kangaroo escorted a convoy to the Mediterranean. She returned to Portsmouth on 16 July and then on 23 July sailed with a number of other ships for Lymington and Jersey to collect Dutch troops they were to carry to Cuxhaven.[27]
On 23 September 1802, Pomone struck a rock while entering St. Aubin's Bay and sank. She was refloated and towed into Portsmouth in October but was not worth repairing. A court martial on 27 October on Neptune in Portsmouth Harbour, tried the pilot, John Geram, for her loss. The court ruled that he should not have attempted to enter the bay at night as he could have safely waited at sea until daylight. The court fined him all pay and allowances due to him for his services as pilot on Pomone and sentenced him to to imprisonment in the Marshalsea for three months.[28]
Pomone was broken up in 1803.